Non-Curcumin Turmeric Compounds That May Help Block Colorectal Cancer

CAFFEIC ACID ^(vi.74)

• Helps regulate the immune system response and may prevent development of colon cancer. ^(vi.155)
• Detoxifies carcinogens. ^(vi.155)
• Reduces levels of potentially carcinogenic bile acids. ^(vi.288)

CINNAMIC ACID ^(vi.74)

↓ HDAC, a molecule that can make cancer-promoting changes to DNA. ^(vi.140)

EUGENOL ^(vi.74)

↓ COX-2. ^(vi.78)

FARNESOL ^(vi.110)

↓ Colorectal carcinoma cell growth. ^(vi.111)

↓ Development of colon cancer by blocking carcinogen activity, including damage to DNA. ^(vi.111)

FISETIN ^(vi.79)

↓ Activation of inflammatory transcription factors (NF-κB and β-catenin). ^(vi.94)

↓ Growth cycle proteins (e.g., cyclin D1). ^(vi.94)

↓ Inflammatory COX-2 enzyme and its metabolite, PGE2. ^(vi.94)

↓ Cancer-promoting growth factor receptors. ^(vi.94)

↓ Metalloprotease enzymes that play a role in the development of colon cancer (i.e., MMP-7). ^(vi.94)

↓ Proteins that help cancer cells survive (e.g., Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL) by inhibiting apoptosis. ^(vi.94)

↑ Proteins that stimulate apoptosis to help get rid of defective cells. ^(vi.94)

↑ Apoptosis in colon cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner. ^(vi.94)

FOLATE ^(vi.144-145)

• Eating foods high in folate linked to lower risk of developing colorectal cancer in U.S. population studies involving close to 100,000 study participants. ^(vi.145)
• Multivitamins with folate in them may reduce the risk of colon cancer up to 75%. However, taking high amounts of folic acid (form folate takes in the body) supplements was linked to metastasis in colorectal cancer. ^{(vi.145, 155)}

GERANIOL ^(vi.112)

↓ Resistance to chemotherapy. ^(vi.124)

↓ Toxic effects of 5-fluorouracil. ^(vi.124)

↑ Effectiveness of chemo on tumor growth. ^(vi.124)

↓ Growth of colon cancer cells. ^(vi.154)

↓ Volume of tumors. ^(vi.154)

↑ Survival time. ^(vi.124)

LIMONENE ^(vi.74)

↓ DNA damage from toxins in the colon. ^(vi.82)

↓ Incidence of colon cancer caused by toxic chemicals. ^(vi.102)

MYRICETIN ^(vi.79)

↓ Growth of colon cancer cells. ^(vi.194)

Kills several different types of colon cancer cells. ^(vi.194)

↓ Enzymes that promote metastasis of colon tumors. ^(vi.78)

QUERCETIN ^(vi.79)

In large population studies conducted in Europe, eating 1-7 servings/week of onions, which are particularly rich in quercetin, was linked with lower rates of colorectal cancer. ^(vi.250)

These studies are supported by research that shows quercetin has the following effects on factors that contribute to colorectal cancer:

↓ Epigenetic and toxin activity that promotes development of cancer. ^(vi.147)

↓ NF-κB activation. ^(vi.147)

↓ Tumor cell growth. ^(vi.131)

When combined with curcumin reduced number and size of precancerous polyps in the intestines and rectum of patients with FAP. ^(vi.88)

↓ Expression and activity of COX-2 inflammatory enzymes that promote cancer development and growth. ^(vi.201)

↓ Proteins that prevent apoptosis of damaged colon cells, such as Bcl-2. ^(vi.201)

↑ Death of precancerous and cancerous cells. ^{(vi.194, 201)}

RESVERATROL ^(vi.83)

↓ Proliferation of colon tumor cells. ^(vi.84)

VITAMIN C ^(vi.71)

Potent antioxidant that quenches DNA-damaging free radicals. ^(vi.270)

Blocks formation of cancer-causing substances from nitrates in processed meats. ^(vi.270)